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| EXCAVATION RISK ASSESSMENT |
1.0. WORK ACTIVITY
1.1. Obtain Permit to Work.
1.2. Marking of the work area to be excavated
1.3. Checking and verification of any underground utilities
1.4. Performing tool inspection before the digging operation
1.5. Mobilizing mechanical equipment (Excavator) at the area demarked for the excavation.
1.6. Excavating using the mechanical equipment
1.7. Soil backfilling using a dump truck and skid load
2.0. HAZARDS
2.1. Unauthorized work to be performed within a defined location and boundary.
2.2. Uncontrolled personnel entering a restricted location.
2.3. Unidentified hazards with unplanned safety mitigating measures.
2.4. Inadequate coordination and area control protocol.
2.5. Exposure to extremely hot temperatures.
2.6. Fatigue due to extreme work
2.7. Awkward posture
2.8. Improper body position
2.9. Struck by moving equipment
2.10. Movement of vehicle or equipment
2.11. Poor visibility of personnel
2.12. Lack of safety awareness and knowledge of the job
2.13. Working without wearing appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
2.14. Improper manual handling
2.15. Incorrect or substandard tools for the task
2.16. Defective / damaged / improvised tool
2.17. Loose soil in the area
2.18. Personnel nearby the area getting struck
2.19. Structures, vehicles and equipment near the area getting stuck by the excavator.
2.20. Fire hazards from the equipment from poor maintenance
2.21. Unauthorized personnel entering the excavator mobilizing area
2.22. Lack of vision to the operator from the equipment
2.23. Excavation wall collapse
2.24. Struck by adjacent structures
2.25. Electrocution from nearby power lines
2.26. Toxic Atmosphere
2.27. High noise levels
2.28. Equipment (skid loader, wheel loader
2.29. Replacement of equipment or operator by surprise without coordination and certification
2.30. Positioning of equipment near the edge of the excavation
2.31. Defective, damaged and improvised hand tools
2.32. Insufficient lights / poorly illuminated
2.33. Slip, trip and fall
2.34. Struck with nearby structure or personnel
2.35. Access and egress (uneven, loose, blocked by materials, etc.)
2.36. Exposure to dust and other airborne particles through inhalation and skin absorption
3.0. RISK ISSUES
3.1. Accident resulting in serious injury or death to worker.
3.2. Significant property and appurtenances damage
3.3. Loss of production.
3.4. Significant cost due to damages.
3.5. Governmental violation.
3.6. Environmental complaint.
3.7. Heat exhaustion
3.8. Collapse of personnel Injury or ill health
3.9. Body pain or injury
3.10. Musculoskeletal disorder
3.11. Temporary or permanent disability
3.12. Physical injury and damage to property due to lack of safety awareness and incompetency.
3.13. Physical/fatal injury and damage to property due to lack of safety awareness and incompetency.
3.14. Hand injury
3.15. Physical injury from slip/trip/fall
3.16. Back injury
3.17. Arm Injury
3.18. Accident resulting in injury or ill health to the worker
3.19. Loss or delay in production
3.20. Toppling of the equipment resulting in damage of equipment and personnel injury
3.21. Personnel injury from getting struck with the equipment
3.22. Personnel injury and property damages due to the fire occurring from the equipment
3.23. Loss of production hours due to mechanical failures of the equipment
3.24. Property damages from cave-in
3.25. Crush injuries/Personnel injuries from the cave-in
3.26. Inhalation of fumes and dust
3.27. Health risks from inhalation of fumes and high noise levels
3.28. Failure of equipment may lead to accidents or injuries
3.29. Collision by sudden operation of equipment may cause serious injury or damage to property
3.30. Struck by or hit a moving vehicle
3.31. Major accidents, serious injuries, fatality, and property damage for unauthorized operation
3.32. Equipment toppled and damage to property while moving
3.33. Injuries to the operator or driver
3.34. Injuries to other personnel involved in the activity
3.35.Personal injury (laceration, etc.) due to contact with sharp edges, tools and materials
3.36. Accident to personnel
3.37. Damage to property
3.38. Personal injury caused by other workers/equipment as vision impairment
3.39. Personal injury due to slips and trip hazards from the materials and surface area
3.40. Foot strain and sprain
3.41. Eyes, Skin and Respiratory irritation
3.42. Ill health of personnel
3.43. Accident resulting in injury to personnel
3.44. Visual impairment
4.0. EXISTING CONTROLS
4.1. Permit to Work shall be obtained as a pre-requisite to perform work.
4.2. Work shall not be started until a duly approved Permit to Work is available at the site and that Safety Toolbox meeting is conducted.
4.3. A safe work practice shall be implemented to reduce the possibility of accidents/incidents.
4.4. Permit Receiver and Permit Issuer shall visit together at the site to ensure that workplace hazards are adequately identified and mitigating measures shall be established.
4.5. Permit to Work shall be displayed at the worksite.
4.6. Permit Receiver shall not leave the area for the whole duration of work
4.7. Work shall not proceed without the presence of an approved Permit to Work with the Permit Receiver overseeing the activity.
4.8. Permit Receiver shall account for all workers under his Permit to Work before the start of work.
4.9. Heat stress procedure shall be developed and implemented.
4.10. Ensure a sufficient supply of drinking water and encourage workers to drink more water/liquids to replace body water lost during perspiration.
4.11. Take frequent rest breaks in the shade or air conditioning.
4.12. Establish systems so workers are rotated away from tasks to minimize the duration of continuous exertion, repetitive motions, and awkward postures.
4.13. Design a job rotation system in which employees rotate between jobs that use different muscle groups.
4.14. Conduct an ergonomic study to apply controls coming from the results of the survey.
4.15. Provide trained flagmen equipped with green and red flags to control the movement of equipment.
4.16. Flaggers and workers shall wear a high visibility vest at all times.
4.17. Provide suitable protective / warning barriers and signs around the work areas.
4.18. A suitable traffic management plan shall be established such as segregation of pedestrian lanes from vehicle access ways.
4.19. Ensure that all workers undergo safety induction that discusses safety policies and standards of the company and Almarai standards.
4.20. Conduct Toolbox talk and discuss safe work procedure, RA before the start of work.
4.21. Ensure that all workers are provided with required mandatory PPEs such as:
4.22. Helmet (3M), Safety Glass, Safety Shoes, Cover all, Safety Gloves, Dust Mask
4.23. Use hand gloves for hand protection
4.24. Only up to 20 kg is allowable for each worker to lift.
4.25. Ensure that access has no obstruction
4.26. If the load is heavier, a buddy system is advised
4.27. Use only the right tools for the job
4.28. Use appropriate hand protection to avoid injuries
4.29. Ensure all tools are inspected properly and color code shall be applied.
4.30. Any defective tools found shall be removed from service, and marked with a defective tag.
4.31. The permit is to be issued before the mobilizing of the equipment
4.32. Flagman is to be provided at all times during the movement and working of the equipment
4.33. All equipment to be mobilized for the site shall be third-party certified.
4.34. All equipment operators shall be holding valid third-party certified licenses.
4.35. The area to be mobilized shall be provided with a barricade and signage
4.36. The competency of the operator and the condition of the equipment shall be inspected before mobilizing at the site.
4.37. All personnel on the site must be using all PPE at all times.
4.38. Construct diversion ditches to prevent surface water from entering excavation
4.39. Provide good drainage of the area adjacent to the excavation
4.40. Store excavated spoil at least not more than 1-meter height.
4.41. Provide sufficient stairs over 4 feet in depth
4.42. Place ladders no more than 25 feet apart
4.43. A confine space permit shall be taken once the depth is more than 5 feet deep
4.44. Continuous monitoring of the atmospheric gases
4.45. An emergency rescue plan shall be in place.
4.46. All personnel must wear Hi-Viz vests at all times
4.47. Isolate equipment swing areas
4.48. Ensure a 360-degree view is available for the operator
4.49. Use ear muffs if noise levels are above 85dB
4.50. Dampen soil with water spray to avoid the dust being airborne.
4.51. Operator and driver shall carry out daily equipment inspection before work
4.52. The operator must ensure the equipment is suitable for the task
4.53. Ensure the competency of the operator and driver
4.54. Safe use of equipment must be discussed during daily toolbox meetings by the foreman or supervisor
4.55. A complete barricade must be provided, and the flagman shall be positioned outside the barricade.
4.56. Reverse audible alarm must be working properly
4.57. Periodical maintenance program for all equipment and vehicles.
4.58. Instruct all new personnel to report to the safety department or administration department.
4.59. Close coordination between the management itself.
4.60. Report all unfamiliar workers/personnel at the site
4.61. Authority to stop the work if found without a valid license/certificate
4.62. Issuance of disciplinary action
4.63. Orientation to the operator and driver regarding the site condition
4.64. Provide trained flagmen with reflective vests along with Red and Green flags.
4.65. Remind the operator and driver to follow the signal of the flagman
4.66. Access must be properly compacted and even
4.67. Workers are advised/instructed to move away from the equipment.
4.68. Equipment shall be positioned more than 1.5m from the edge of the excavation
4.69. Fastened off seat belt
4.70. Compliance with the work permit system and requirements stated therein
4.71. Workers shall use appropriate and good-condition hand tools
4.72. Defective hand tools shall not be used and must be taken out of the project
4.73. Use appropriate hand gloves
4.74. Avoid damaged tools and machine
4.75. Supervisor and foreman must ensure the tools and materials are free from damage
4.76. No modification of tools and machine.
4.77. Good planning and position of lighting system.
4.78. Initiate conducting a lighting survey
4.79. Issuance of clear safety glass
4.80. Provide sufficient illumination to the workplace by installing an HV lamp in the area
4.81. Lighting shall be installed in all locations that could provide adequate illumination to the activity
4.82. All workers shall wear clear safety glass at all times
4.83. There shall be no activity allowed beyond 6:00 in the evening that hinders the visual capability of the workers
4.84. Personnel and equipment access shall be free from any obstruction
4.85. Materials should be stored in the designated area
4.86. Materials and tools should be stored away from exposed edge
4.87. Ensure that access is leveled and compacted
4.88. All workers shall be provided and wear safety glasses at all times
4.89. NIOSH-approved dust masks shall be provided to all personnel exposed to dust
4.90. Spray water to control the dust
4.91. All operators and workers shall be provided with dust masks and wear them properly
4.92. Gradually backfill the soil to minimize airborne dust.
5.0. ADDITIONAL CONTROLS
5.1. Supervisor to monitor their respective area you need to ensure nobody will be available in the swing area.
5.2. Always avoid working in the blind spot area of the vehicle.
5.3. Reviser horns for Heavy-duty vehicles should be available.
5.4. Drivers are not allowed to rest below the vehicles.
5.5. Permit Receiver shall be responsible to oversee for the safety of all workers under his Permit to Work.
5.6. Supervisor to monitor their respective area Supervisor should ensure during the manual excavation nobody should be head standing. Make-shift tools are forbidden for the work
5.7. Supervisor are to monitor their respective area all excavations should be carried out under adequate supervision.
5.8. During the mechanical excavation process ensure nobody should be in the pit for a long time.
5.9. Test Pit manually to be obtained to ensure safe work for mechanical excavation.
5.10. Supervisor to monitor their respective area Sloping to be provided on all edges of excavation 1-meter ratio.
5.11. Safe access egress is to be provided for the excavation.
5.12. A dewatering pump should be available. Emergency termination joint kits for low-voltage cables are to be available on-site.
5.13. Ensure the Driver should not talk while driving.
5.14. If any insect bite happens, inform immediately safety officer immediately.
5.15. Supervisor to monitor their respective area Driver should not leave the key inside while switched off.
5.16. Always ensure to park in the designated area
5.17. Safe Work Procedure
5.18. Supervisor to monitor their respective area
5.19. Permit Receiver shall be trained and authorized by the Manager to receive a Permit to Work
5.20. Permit Receiver shall be responsible to oversee for the safety of all workers under his Permit to Work
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