METHOD STATEMENT FOR CONTROLLED BLASTING FOR ROCK EXCAVATION, TESTING AND COMMISSIONING

⬡ RAMS PRO ZONE

Method Statement — Controlled Blasting for Rock Excavation

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Method Statement

Controlled Blasting for Rock
Excavation, Testing & Commissioning

Safe System of Work — Drilling, Charging, Firing & Post-Blast Inspection

ISO 45001 ISO 9001 ISO 14001 ISO 31000

DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION
Document No.	[RPZ-MS-BLAST-001]	Revision	Rev 00
Project Name	[PROJECT NAME]	Date of Issue	[DD/MM/YYYY]
Site / Location	[SITE NAME, COUNTRY]	Classification	RESTRICTED
Client	[CLIENT NAME]	Contract No.	[CONTRACT REF]
Discipline	Civil / Geotechnical / Blasting	Risk Matrix	5 × 5 (Likelihood × Severity)

Role	Name	Signature	Date
Prepared By	[Name / Title]		[Date]
Reviewed By	[Name / Title]		[Date]
Approved By	[Name / Title]		[Date]
Client Approval	[Name / Title]		[Date]

⚠ SAFETY CRITICAL DOCUMENT: This Method Statement must be read in conjunction with the associated Risk Assessment, Blast Design Report, Blasting Permit, and applicable explosive handling regulations. No blasting operations shall commence without all required authorisations.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. Document Control & Revision History3
• 1.1 Distribution List3
• 2. Purpose & Scope4
• 2.1 Objectives4
• 2.2 Applicability & Exclusions4
• 3. Legal & Regulatory Compliance Framework4
• 4. Definitions & Abbreviations5
• 5. Responsibilities & Project Team (RACI)6
• 6. Plant, Equipment & Materials7
• 6.1 Explosives & Accessories7
• 6.2 Plant & Machinery7
• 7. Pre-Task Requirements8
• 7.1 Permits to Work8
• 7.2 Pre-Blast Inspection Checklist8
• 7.3 Toolbox Talk & Briefing8
• 8. Sequence of Work — Step-by-Step Method9
• 9. Risk Assessment & Control Measures12
• 9.1 Hierarchy of Controls12
• 9.2 Hazard Register — 5×5 Risk Matrix12
• 10. PPE Requirements15
• 11. Environmental Controls16
• 11.1 Environmental Aspect & Impact Register16
• 12. Emergency Procedures & First Aid17
• 13. Quality Control — Inspection & Test Plan (ITP)18
• 14. Training & Competency Requirements19
• 15. Approval & Sign-off Block20
• Appendix A — References & Related Documents21
• Appendix B — Revision History Log22

ℹ Jurisdictional Applicability Note: This Method Statement references international standards (ISO 45001, ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 31000). Users must verify which national adoption version and local legislative overlay governs their specific project jurisdiction before commencing any blasting operation. Seek advice from a licensed explosives engineer and local regulatory authority where required.

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1Document Control & Revision History

Rev.	Date	Description of Change	Prepared By	Reviewed By	Approved By
00	[DD/MM/YYYY]	Initial Issue — First Release for Review and Approval	[Name]	[Name]	[Name]
01	[DD/MM/YYYY]	[Describe revision]	[Name]	[Name]	[Name]

1.1 Distribution List

Add all individuals/departments who must receive a controlled copy of this document.

Copy No.	Recipient Name / Position	Company / Department	Copy Type	Date Issued
01	Project Manager	[COMPANY]	Controlled (Electronic)	[Date]
02	Site HSE Manager	[COMPANY]	Controlled (Electronic)	[Date]
03	Licensed Shot Firer	[COMPANY]	Controlled (Printed)	[Date]
04	Blasting Supervisor	[COMPANY]	Controlled (Printed)	[Date]
05	Client Representative	[CLIENT]	Controlled (Electronic)	[Date]
06	Regulatory Authority	[AUTHORITY NAME]	Controlled (If required)	[Date]

2Purpose & Scope

This Method Statement (MS) defines the controlled, safe, and environmentally responsible procedures for conducting controlled blasting operations for rock excavation, testing and commissioning at [SITE NAME]. It forms a key component of the project's safe system of work and must be read in conjunction with the associated Risk Assessment, Blast Design Report, and Environmental Management Plan.

2.1 Objectives

• Define clear, step-by-step work sequences that eliminate or minimise risk to personnel, third parties, the environment and property.
• Ensure full compliance with all applicable legislation, standards and client requirements.
• Establish roles, responsibilities and authorities for all blasting personnel.
• Provide the basis for pre-task briefings (toolbox talks), permits to work, and inspection hold-points.
• Meet the requirements of ISO 45001:2018, ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 31000:2018.

2.2 Applicability & Exclusions

This document applies to all controlled blasting operations including rock breaking, rock excavation, bulk earthworks and trial blasts at [PROJECT SITE]. It applies to all direct employees, subcontractors and their personnel engaged in blasting activities.

Exclusions: This MS does not cover demolition blasting, underwater blasting, or pyrotechnic operations unless specifically amended and re-approved.

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3Legal & Regulatory Compliance Framework

🌐 International Scope: This document has been developed against the four internationally selected standards below. Project teams must additionally overlay all applicable national, regional and local legislation for the project jurisdiction.

Reference Code	Full Title	Issuing Body	Applicable Clause	Relevance to This Document	Obligation
ISO 45001:2018	Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems — Requirements with Guidance for Use	ISO (International)	Clauses 6.1, 8.1, 8.2	Mandates hazard identification, risk assessment, operational planning and emergency preparedness for all high-risk activities including blasting	MANDATORY
ISO 9001:2015	Quality Management Systems — Requirements	ISO (International)	Clauses 8.1, 8.5, 9.1	Governs controlled operational procedures, inspection and test plans, non-conformance reporting, and document control for blasting activities	MANDATORY
ISO 14001:2015	Environmental Management Systems — Requirements with Guidance for Use	ISO (International)	Clauses 6.1.2, 8.1, 8.2	Requires identification of environmental aspects and impacts (noise, vibration, dust, fume, groundwater) associated with blasting and implementation of mitigation controls	MANDATORY
ISO 31000:2018	Risk Management — Guidelines	ISO (International)	Clauses 6.3, 6.4, 6.5	Provides the principles and framework for risk identification, analysis, evaluation and treatment applied in the Hazard Register and blast risk planning process	ADVISORY

⚠ Jurisdiction-Specific Note: In addition to the above international standards, the following types of legislation typically govern blasting operations and MUST be confirmed for the project jurisdiction: Explosives Acts/Regulations, Mines & Quarries Acts, OHS/HSW legislation, Environmental Protection Acts, Local Authority Planning Conditions, and Transport of Dangerous Goods regulations. Consult your QHSE Lead and Legal Counsel for project-specific compliance confirmation.

4Definitions & Abbreviations

Term / Abbreviation	Definition
Controlled Blasting	The use of explosives in a predetermined, engineered manner to break, loosen or displace rock with minimised adverse effects on surrounding structures, personnel and environment.
Shot Firer / Blaster	A competent, licensed individual authorised by the relevant national authority to handle, prepare and detonate explosive charges.
Blast Design Report	The engineered document specifying drill pattern, hole depth/diameter, explosive type/quantity, delay timing, stemming and safety exclusion zones for a specific blast.
Exclusion Zone	The controlled area from which all personnel, equipment and vehicles must be evacuated prior to and during detonation. Distance determined by blast design.
Misfire	A charge or part of a charge that has failed to detonate as intended. Requires specific emergency procedure.
Flyrock	Rock fragments propelled beyond the intended blast area due to excessive explosive energy or stemming failure. Principal hazard of blasting operations.
Ground Vibration (PPV)	Peak Particle Velocity — the measured ground vibration from blasting, expressed in mm/s. Used to assess structural damage risk.
PTW	Permit to Work — formal written authorisation system.
ITP	Inspection and Test Plan — quality document identifying hold points, witness points and acceptance criteria.
ANFO	Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil — common bulk explosive used in open-face blasting.
RACI	Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed — responsibility assignment matrix.
PPV	Peak Particle Velocity — unit: mm/s.
OHS / HSE	Occupational Health and Safety / Health, Safety and Environment.
NOx / CO	Nitrogen Oxides / Carbon Monoxide — post-blast fumes requiring atmospheric clearance before re-entry.

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5Responsibilities & Project Team (RACI)

The table below defines the roles and responsibilities for all personnel involved in blasting operations. R = Responsible | A = Accountable | C = Consulted | I = Informed.

Activity / Duty	Project Manager	HSE Manager	Blasting Supervisor	Licensed Shot Firer	Drill Operator	Safety Officer	Client Rep.
Blast Design Approval	A	C	R	C	I	C	I
Permit to Work Authorisation	A	R	C	C	I	R	I
Explosives Receipt & Storage	I	C	A	R	I	C	I
Drilling Operations	I	C	A	C	R	C	I
Hole Loading & Charging	I	C	A	R	I	C	I
Exclusion Zone Establishment	I	C	R	R	C	R	I
Detonation Command	I	C	A	R	I	C	I
Post-Blast Inspection	I	C	A	R	I	C	C
Misfire Management	I	R	A	R	I	R	I
Environmental Monitoring	I	R	C	C	I	R	I
Incident Reporting	A	R	C	C	C	R	I
ITP / Quality Sign-off	A	C	R	C	I	C	R

6Plant, Equipment & Materials

6.1 Explosives & Accessories

Item	Specification / Type	Quantity (Approx.)	Storage Requirements
Bulk Explosive (ANFO)	Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil — Class 1.5D	[As per Blast Design]	Licensed explosives magazine; segregated from detonators
Emulsion Explosive	Heavy ANFO / Emulsion blend — Class 1.1D	[As per Blast Design]	Licensed explosives magazine; temperature controlled
Non-Electric Detonators (NONEL)	Shock tube, delay detonators — LP/MS series	[As per Blast Design]	Separate certified storage; away from heat/impact sources
Electronic Detonators	Programmable electronic delay — Class 1.4B	[As per Blast Design]	Manufacturer-specified conditions; coded programming unit
Detonating Cord	PETN core, 10–40 g/m	[As per Blast Design]	Licensed magazine; protected from sunlight
Boosters / Cast Boosters	PETN/TNT composite — Class 1.1D	[As per Blast Design]	Licensed magazine
Stemming Material	Crushed aggregate / drill cuttings, 6–12mm	[As per Blast Design]	On-site stockpile, clean and dry

6.2 Plant & Machinery

Equipment	Specification	Pre-Use Inspection	Operator Competency
Rotary/DTH Drill Rig	[Make/Model] — 90–165mm diameter	Daily pre-start checklist	Licensed drill operator + site induction
Bulk Emulsion Delivery Truck (MEMU)	Mobile Explosives Manufacturing Unit — certified	Pre-use inspection by Shot Firer	Licensed operator + hazmat certification
Excavator / Dozer	[Make/Model] — for muck removal	Daily pre-start checklist (PSSR)	Plant operator licence + site induction
Ground Vibration Monitor	Seismograph — calibrated; PPV range 0–254 mm/s	Calibration certificate current	HSE Officer trained in data collection
Air Overpressure Monitor	Sound level meter — calibrated ≤12 months	Calibration certificate current	HSE Officer
Blasting Machine / Logger	Electronic initiation system — approved type	Pre-use function test by Shot Firer	Licensed Shot Firer only

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7Pre-Task Requirements

7.1 Permits to Work (PTW)

The following Permits to Work must be issued, authorised and displayed at the blast site prior to commencing any blasting activity:

Permit Type	Issuing Authority	Validity Period	Prerequisites
Blasting / Explosives Permit	HSE Manager + Regulatory Authority	Per blast event	Blast Design approved, exclusion zone confirmed, emergency services notified
Excavation Permit	Site Engineer / HSE Manager	Per shift	Underground service survey completed, ground stability confirmed
Hot Work Permit	Site HSE Officer	Per task, max 12h	Only if welding/cutting adjacent to blast area
Confined Space Entry Permit	Site HSE Manager	Per entry	Only if blasting in tunnel/confined excavation context
Ground Disturbance Permit	Site Engineer	Per area	Underground utilities survey (RFI / As-built drawings reviewed)

7.2 Pre-Blast Inspection Checklist

#	Inspection Item	Responsible	Status
1	Blast Design Report reviewed and approved by authorised Blasting Engineer	Blasting Supervisor	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
2	All permits to work issued, signed and displayed at site	HSE Officer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
3	Explosives receipted and verified against delivery manifest; condition checked	Licensed Shot Firer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
4	Drill holes surveyed — diameter, depth, inclination verified against design	Site Engineer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
5	Exclusion zone barriers, signage and access control established	Blasting Supervisor	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
6	Ground vibration and air overpressure monitors positioned and operational	HSE Officer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
7	Emergency services notified (timing and location of blast communicated)	HSE Manager	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
8	Warning sirens/horns tested and confirmed operational	Shot Firer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
9	All personnel and plant evacuated beyond exclusion zone; headcount confirmed	Blasting Supervisor	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
10	Weather conditions checked — wind speed/direction, lightning risk assessed	HSE Officer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
11	Communications (radios) tested between Shot Firer, sentries and supervisor	Shot Firer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A
12	First aid equipment and emergency vehicle confirmed available on site	HSE Officer	☐ Pass / ☐ Fail / ☐ N/A

7.3 Toolbox Talk & Pre-Blast Briefing

A formal pre-blast toolbox talk shall be conducted by the Blasting Supervisor prior to each blast event and shall cover:

• Scope and timing of the blast; method of initiation
• Exclusion zone boundaries and evacuation routes
• Warning signal protocol (see Section 8, Step 11)
• Emergency muster point and headcount procedure
• Misfire and re-entry protocol
• Roles and responsibilities during the blast event

Attendance register to be completed and retained by HSE Officer. Form Ref: RPZ-TBT-BLAST-F01.

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8Sequence of Work — Step-by-Step Method

Step	Activity Description	Responsible	Key Controls	Risk Ref.
01	Site Preparation & Survey Establish construction boundary, survey rock surface, confirm existing service locations (underground utilities), prepare drill platform and access roads.	Site Engineer / Supervisor	Cable/pipe detection (GPR survey); ground stability assessment; exclusion of all non-essential personnel; traffic management plan activated.	RA-01, RA-02
02	Blast Design Development Geotechnical Engineer develops blast design specifying: hole layout, burden, spacing, hole depth, explosive type and quantity, delay sequence, stemming length and predicted PPV levels.	Blasting Engineer	Design peer-reviewed; comply with approved blast plan; PPV limits checked against site-specific limits (typically ≤5–12 mm/s for residential structures); design submitted to client/authority for approval where required.	RA-03
03	Regulatory Notifications & Permit Issuance Notify relevant authorities (police, environmental agency, local municipality) as required. Issue all PTWs. Confirm blast schedule with client and emergency services.	HSE Manager / Project Manager	Written notification to authorities with required notice period; blast schedule shared with emergency services; all permits signed before proceeding.	RA-04
04	Explosives Procurement & Receipt Order explosives through licensed supplier only. Receive explosives at site — verify delivery manifest, inspect condition, record batch numbers and quantities.	Licensed Shot Firer	Explosives received only by licensed Shot Firer; all documentation completed; reject any damaged or deteriorated product; quantities matched to blast design.	RA-05, RA-06
05	Explosives Storage Transfer explosives to licensed on-site magazine. Segregate initiators (detonators) from bulk explosives. Maintain explosives register.	Licensed Shot Firer	Magazine compliant with local explosives regulations; detonators in separate magazine; no smoking/naked flame within 50m; magazine locked and alarmed; daily stock reconciliation.	RA-05, RA-06
06	Drilling Operations Drill blast holes to design specifications (diameter, depth, inclination and pattern). Conduct drill and blast trial if required. Survey and record as-drilled positions.	Drill Operator / Site Engineer	Pre-start checklist for drill rig; driller to remain in cab during drilling; minimum 15m exclusion from active drill face for others; dust suppression (water injection or DEH); hearing protection mandatory; GPS/survey confirmation of hole positions.	RA-07, RA-08
07	Hole Preparation & Logging Clean drill holes of cuttings. Probe holes for stability. Record water ingress level. Confirm against design prior to charging.	Shot Firer / Site Engineer	Use wooden probing rods only (no metal); note anomalous holes on blast record; consult Engineer if hole conditions deviate from design; adjust charge if water present.	RA-09
08	Explosives Charging (Loading) Transfer explosives from magazine to blast site under escort. Load explosive charges into drill holes in accordance with blast design. Install boosters, detonating cord and detonators per design.	Licensed Shot Firer (only)	Only licensed Shot Firer charges holes; minimum number of personnel in blast area during charging; no smoking, open flame or radio transmitters within exclusion zone; use non-sparking tools; maintain loaded hole manifest; protect charged holes from weather.	RA-05, RA-10, RA-11
09	Stemming Stem drill holes with approved inert material (crushed aggregate) to design stemming length. Ensure stemming is properly consolidated.	Shot Firer / Blast Team	Use approved stemming material only (no drill cuttings for top bench); correct stemming length per design to prevent flyrock; do not stem over un-detonated connections; final check by Shot Firer.	RA-12
10	Tie-In & Connection Check Connect initiation circuit (NONEL trunk line / electronic detonator harness). Complete circuit continuity check. Conduct final connection walkover inspection.	Licensed Shot Firer	Check all connections against blast design; continuity test with approved blasting galvanometer only; do not connect to blasting machine until all-clear given; check for stray electrical currents (electronic detonators).	RA-13

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Step	Activity Description	Responsible	Key Controls	Risk Ref.
11	Evacuation & Exclusion Zone Activation Sound three (3) long horn blasts. Conduct headcount. Deploy sentries at all access points. Confirm all persons beyond exclusion zone boundary.	Blasting Supervisor / Shot Firer	Warning signal protocol posted at site; minimum 4 sentries for multi-access site; radio confirmation from all sentries before proceeding; roll call/headcount documented; no exceptions to evacuation.	RA-14
12	Final Blast Clearance Check Shot Firer conducts final visual sweep of blast area. Confirms with all sentries via radio. Obtains verbal all-clear from Blasting Supervisor.	Licensed Shot Firer	Radio confirmation from every sentry required; Shot Firer must have authority to abort if any doubt; weather conditions re-checked (wind, lightning); all monitoring equipment recording.	RA-14, RA-15
13	Initiation / Detonation Connect blasting machine/logger. Sound one (1) long continuous horn blast (final warning). Initiate blast from protected firing position.	Licensed Shot Firer (ONLY)	Shot Firer takes cover in blast shelter or ≥300m distance; blasting machine connected only at moment of firing; electronic logger records all firing data; abort if connections fail; single point of control.	RA-15, RA-16
14	Post-Blast Wait Period Mandatory minimum wait of 30 minutes after last detonation before re-entry. Wait for dust and fume to dissipate. Sound two (2) short horn blasts to indicate waiting period active.	Blasting Supervisor	30-minute minimum wait mandatory (adjust to site/local regulation); monitor wind direction; atmospheric gas check (CO, NOx) before re-entry if confined conditions; do not reduce wait period for any reason.	RA-17
15	Post-Blast Inspection Shot Firer conducts initial re-entry alone. Visually inspects all blast holes for misfires. Counts detonated holes against loaded manifest. Checks for unstable rock faces.	Licensed Shot Firer	Shot Firer re-enters alone; gas detector carried; wear full PPE; do not disturb any suspected misfire; report misfire immediately to Supervisor; no other person enters until written all-clear issued.	RA-17, RA-18
16	All-Clear & General Re-Entry If no misfires confirmed — Shot Firer radios all-clear. Sound four (4) short horn blasts. Personnel and plant may re-enter blast area.	Shot Firer / Blasting Supervisor	Written all-clear on blast record form; re-entry in controlled sequence (supervisor first, then workers); barricade any unstable areas; continual monitoring of atmospheric conditions.	RA-17
17	Misfire Procedure (If Required) If misfire identified — maintain exclusion zone. Do not disturb misfired hole for minimum 30 minutes. Notify HSE Manager and client. Follow approved misfire protocol (water flush / re-drill offset / controlled re-blast).	Licensed Shot Firer / HSE Manager	Only approved misfire procedures permitted; do not drill into misfired hole; do not use heat; water flush method preferred; re-drill must be offset min 300mm from original hole; all misfires reported in writing and investigated; regulatory notification if required.	RA-18
18	Muck Removal & Face Scaling Excavators remove blasted material. Geotechnical Engineer inspects excavated face for stability. Scale loose rock from faces. Survey blast result against design.	Excavator Operator / Geotechnical Engineer	Exclusion zone for excavator working radius; face scaling by competent scaler; no personnel below unsupported face; survey results recorded for blast performance assessment.	RA-19, RA-20
19	Explosives Reconciliation & Return Reconcile all explosives used against blast design and delivery records. Return unused explosives to magazine immediately. Complete explosives register.	Licensed Shot Firer	Zero tolerance for unaccounted explosives; all returns verified by supervisor; magazine records updated; unused detonators segregated and returned separately; report any discrepancy immediately.	RA-05
20	Post-Blast Documentation & Reporting Complete Blast Report (PPV results, air overpressure, detonation record). Non-conformances reported. Blast performance assessed against design. Records retained per document control requirements.	Blasting Supervisor / HSE Manager	All monitoring data recorded; vibration/noise limits compliance confirmed; any exceedance reported to client and authority within prescribed timeframe; records retained minimum 7 years (or per regulatory requirement).	RA-21

Warning Signal Protocol:   🔔🔔🔔 THREE LONG = EVACUATE NOW  |  🔔 ONE LONG = BLAST IMMINENT  |  🔔🔔 TWO SHORT = WAIT PERIOD  |  🔔🔔🔔🔔 FOUR SHORT = ALL CLEAR / RE-ENTER

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9Risk Assessment & Control Measures

9.1 Hierarchy of Controls

All control measures are applied in accordance with ISO 45001:2018 Clause 8.1.2 and the internationally recognised Hierarchy of Controls:

① ELIMINATE
Remove the hazard

② SUBSTITUTE
Replace with lower risk

③ ENGINEERING
Isolate / guard

④ ADMINISTRATIVE
Procedures / training

⑤ PPE
Last resort

9.2 Hazard Register — 5×5 Risk Matrix

Risk Score = Likelihood (1–5) × Severity (1–5).   1–4 = Low ( GREEN ) | 5–12 = Medium ( AMBER ) | 15–25 = High ( RED )

Ref.	Hazard / Activity	Persons at Risk	Ini. Risk	Control Measures (Hierarchy)	Res. Risk	Regulatory Basis
RA-01	Underground services strike during site prep / drilling	Drill operator, ground workers	5×5=25 HIGH	Eliminate: Mandatory services survey (GPR, CAT scan) before any drilling. Engineering: Mark all services on plan and physically on ground. Admin: Ground disturbance permit; dig by hand within 500mm of marked service. PPE: Insulated gloves, safety footwear EN ISO 20345.	2×3=6 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.6.1; CDM 2015 Reg.4
RA-02	Ground instability / slope failure at blast site	All site personnel	4×5=20 HIGH	Engineering: Geotechnical investigation; face angle design per rock mass classification. Admin: Geotechnical Engineer sign-off on each bench; daily face inspection; exclusion from unstable areas. PPE: Hard hat EN 397.	2×4=8 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; ISO 31000 Cl.6.4
RA-03	Inadequate blast design causing over-break or structural damage	Adjacent structures, personnel	3×5=15 HIGH	Eliminate: Engineer-designed blast plan. Engineering: PPV monitoring; pre-blast structural condition survey. Admin: Peer review of design; staged trial blasting; vibration limits enforced (≤5 mm/s residential); abort if limits approached.	2×2=4 LOW	ISO 9001 Cl.8.5; ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2
RA-04	Failure to notify authorities — legal non-compliance	Company, project	3×4=12 MED	Admin: Compliance calendar; HSE Manager owns notification register; client approval checklist; blast schedule communicated minimum 24h in advance.	1×3=3 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.10.2; ISO 9001 Cl.8.1
RA-05	Explosives theft, loss or misuse	Public, site personnel	3×5=15 HIGH	Engineering: Certified double-locked magazine; CCTV and alarm. Admin: Continuous reconciliation; police notification of deliveries; licensed Shot Firer only handles explosives; inventory checked daily; discrepancy reported immediately to police.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; Explosives legislation
RA-06	Accidental initiation during handling / transport	Shot Firer, transport crew	3×5=15 HIGH	Substitute: Use non-electric (NONEL) or electronic detonators instead of electric. Engineering: Approved explosives vehicle; anti-static precautions; separate transport of initiators and bulk explosives. Admin: No open flame, radio transmitters or mobile phones within 25m during handling; licensed operator.	2×4=8 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; Transport of Dangerous Goods regulations
RA-07	Drilling — noise induced hearing loss (NIHL)	Drill operator, nearby workers	5×3=15 HIGH	Engineering: Enclosed ROPS/FOPS operator cab; acoustic barriers where practicable. Admin: Audiometric testing; rotation of work. PPE: Class 5 ear muffs EN 352-1 (SNR ≥30dB) mandatory within 10m of active drill.	3×2=6 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1.2; Control of Noise at Work
RA-08	Drilling — silica dust inhalation / respiratory disease	Drill operator, nearby workers	4×4=16 HIGH	Engineering: Water injection/suppression at drill bit; DEH (Dust Extraction Hood). Admin: Baseline health surveillance; rotation limits. PPE: FFP3 / P100 respirator EN 149 mandatory; RPE face-fit tested.	2×3=6 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1.2; ISO 14001 Cl.8.1
RA-09	Water-filled or unstable blast holes — charge dislodgement	Shot Firer, blast crew	3×4=12 MED	Engineering: Use water-resistant explosive (emulsion) in wet holes; dewater where possible. Admin: Probe holes before charging; adjust charge weight for wet conditions; consult Blast Engineer.	2×2=4 LOW	ISO 9001 Cl.8.5; ISO 45001 Cl.8.1
RA-10	Flyrock — projectile hazard during detonation	All personnel, public, property	3×5=15 HIGH	Engineering: Blast mats / stemming design to contain flyrock; blasting curtains at sensitive boundaries. Admin: Engineered exclusion zone radius; sentries; correct stemming length mandatory; abort if mats displaced. PPE: All persons beyond exclusion zone.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; ISO 31000 Cl.6.5
RA-11	Premature detonation — RF / EMI / stray current	Shot Firer, blast crew	2×5=10 MED	Substitute: Use NONEL or electronic (coded) detonators — immune to stray current. Engineering: Stray current survey before use of electric detonators. Admin: RF transmitter exclusion zone; no mobile phones in blast area.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; Explosives regulations
RA-12	Inadequate stemming — excess flyrock and airblast	All site personnel, public	3×5=15 HIGH	Engineering: Stemming length per design (≥20× hole diameter rule); approved material. Admin: Shot Firer verifies stemming before connection; stop work if stemming specification not met.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 9001 Cl.8.5; ISO 45001 Cl.8.1
RA-13	Misconnection of initiation circuit	Shot Firer	3×5=15 HIGH	Admin: Pre-blast circuit check by Shot Firer; continuity test; dual check by Supervisor; do not connect blasting machine until all-clear; colour-coded delay markers; as-built record of connections.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; ISO 9001 Cl.8.5
RA-14	Person remaining in exclusion zone during blast	Any person	2×5=10 MED	Engineering: Physical barricade and access control; siren warning system. Admin: Formal roll call with signed attendance; radio confirmation from all sentries; blast aborted if headcount incomplete; named sentries at ALL access points.	1×5=5 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; ISO 31000 Cl.6.4
RA-15	Adverse weather — lightning strike on loaded blast	Shot Firer, site team	3×5=15 HIGH	Eliminate: Cease and suspend operations if lightning forecast within 10km or thunderstorm visible. Admin: Weather monitoring; defined trigger (storm within 10km); Shot Firer authority to suspend; all personnel to shelter; do not re-commence until storm passes ≥30 min.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.2; ISO 14001 Cl.8.2
RA-16	Air overpressure / airblast — structural and hearing damage	Nearby personnel, adjacent structures	3×4=12 MED	Engineering: Stemming design; delay timing to limit instantaneous charge weight (ICW). Admin: Pre-blast structural survey; air overpressure monitoring; limits 120 dB (L) typical; community notification; complaint management protocol.	2×2=4 LOW	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2; ISO 45001 Cl.8.1
RA-17	Post-blast fume / toxic gas inhalation (NOx, CO)	Shot Firer, re-entry personnel	3×5=15 HIGH	Engineering: 30-minute mandatory wait; atmospheric monitoring with calibrated multi-gas detector. Admin: Shot Firer re-enters alone first; gas monitor carried; abort re-entry if limits exceeded; improve ventilation if confined conditions.	1×4=4 LOW	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1.2; ISO 14001 Cl.8.1
RA-18	Misfire — unexploded charge creating hidden hazard	Shot Firer, excavation crew	3×5=15 HIGH	Eliminate: Charge count vs. detonation count verification. Admin: Formal misfire procedure (water flush preferred); 30-min exclusion maintained; only licensed Shot Firer manages misfire; written report mandatory; regulatory authority notification where required by law.	2×4=8 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; ISO 9001 Cl.8.5; Explosives regulations
RA-19	Muck removal — plant-worker collision	Excavation crew, ground workers	4×4=16 HIGH	Engineering: Segregated access (physical barriers). Admin: Banksman mandatory for all reversing; exclusion zone = swing radius + 3m; visibility aids (CCTV, proximity warning). PPE: Hi-vis EN ISO 20471 Class 3.	2×3=6 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; PUWER/plant regulations
RA-20	Rock face scaling — falling objects, working at height	Scalers, personnel below	4×4=16 HIGH	Engineering: Geotechnical netting/bolting as required; benching to limit fall height. Admin: Exclusion below active scaling face; harness and fall arrest for scaling >2m; Geotechnical Engineer daily face inspection. PPE: Hard hat, face shield, harness EN 361.	2×3=6 MED	ISO 45001 Cl.8.1; Working at Height Regulations
RA-21	Vibration exceedance — damage to adjacent structures	Public, adjacent property owners	3×4=12 MED	Engineering: PPV monitoring at nearest structure; ICW reduction. Admin: Pre-blast condition survey (photographic record); vibration limits in blast design; immediate reporting if exceeded; blast suspension protocol; community liaison.	1×3=3 LOW	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2; ISO 31000 Cl.6.5

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10PPE Requirements

PPE Item	Specification / Standard	When Required	Status	Applies To
Safety Helmet	EN 397:2012+A1 / ANSI Z89.1 / AS/NZS 1801	All times on site	MANDATORY	All personnel
Safety Footwear	EN ISO 20345:2011 S3 SRC (toecap + midsole)	All times on site	MANDATORY	All personnel
Hi-Visibility Vest/Jacket	EN ISO 20471:2013 Class 2 (min) / Class 3 (plant operations)	All times on site	MANDATORY	All personnel
Safety Glasses / Goggles	EN 166:2002 / ANSI Z87.1 — impact rated	Drilling, charging, scaling, muck removal	MANDATORY	All active task workers
Hearing Protection — Ear Defenders	EN 352-1:2002 SNR ≥30dB / Class 5 (Australia)	Within 10m of active drill; during detonation sequence	MANDATORY	All personnel in noise zone
RPE — Dust Mask (Half-Face)	EN 149:2001+A1 FFP3 / P100 (NIOSH) — face-fit tested	All drilling and post-blast activities	MANDATORY	Drill operator, blast crew
Chemical Resistant Gloves	EN ISO 374-1:2016 Type B — nitric acid/fuel resistance	Handling ANFO, explosives, detonators	MANDATORY	Shot Firer, charging crew
Anti-Static Clothing	EN 1149-5:2018 — electrostatic dissipative	Handling electric detonators	MANDATORY	Shot Firer (electric det.)
Full Body Harness	EN 361:2002 — Class A; with EN 355 energy absorber	Face scaling / working at height >2m	MANDATORY	Scalers, face inspection
Multi-Gas Detector (CGI/CO/NOx/O₂)	Calibrated to manufacturer schedule; ATEX-rated	Post-blast re-entry inspection	MANDATORY	Shot Firer (re-entry)
Face Shield	EN 166:2002 — 3B rated (impact)	Rock scaling, any overhead work	MANDATORY (task-specific)	Scalers
Sun Protection / Cooling Vest	SPF 50+ clothing; cooling vest for heat stress >35°C	Outdoor work in high ambient temp	ADVISORY	All outdoor workers

Note on Jurisdictional Helmet Standards: EN 397 applies in Europe and is widely adopted globally. ANSI Z89.1 applies in the USA. AS/NZS 1801 in Australia/New Zealand. CSA Z94.1 in Canada. GSO 2055 in GCC countries. Confirm applicable standard for your project jurisdiction.

11Environmental Controls

11.1 Environmental Aspect & Impact Register

Aspect	Environmental Impact	Activity Phase	Severity	Control Measure	Reg. Basis
Blast-generated dust	Air quality degradation; health nuisance; visibility hazard	Drilling, detonation	HIGH	Water suppression on drill; blast timing vs wind; exclusion zone covers dust plume; community notification; air quality monitoring downwind	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2, 8.1
Ground vibration (PPV)	Structural damage to adjacent buildings; community disturbance	Detonation	HIGH	Engineered ICW; delay timing; PPV monitoring at nearest receptor; pre-blast structural survey; blast suspension protocol if limits approached	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2; ISO 31000 Cl.6.5
Air overpressure (noise)	Disturbance to community; hearing risk; wildlife disturbance	Detonation	MED	Blast schedule within permitted hours (typically 0800–1700 Mon–Fri); noise monitoring; community liaison; blast curtains/mats at boundaries; advance notification	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2, 8.1
Post-blast fumes (NOx, CO)	Air quality; health risk; odour nuisance	Post-detonation	MED	30-min wait; atmospheric monitoring; blast timing with favourable wind; use oxygen-balanced explosives; avoid overcharging	ISO 14001 Cl.8.1; ISO 45001 Cl.8.1.2
Groundwater contamination	Groundwater quality impact from explosive residues (AN, fuel oil)	Charging, post-blast	MED	Minimise excess explosive; use packaged (not bulk) explosives near water table; water quality monitoring in boreholes; spill response plan; no bulk ANFO in water-saturated holes without approved encapsulation	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2, 8.2
Wildlife disturbance	Disruption to local fauna; displacement of nesting species	All blasting	LOW	Ecological survey before commencement; avoid blasting during sensitive breeding seasons if ecologically protected species identified; buffer zones	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2
Unexploded explosive residues	Long-term land contamination; public safety risk	Post-blast	HIGH	Misfire protocol; explosives reconciliation; long-term ground survey; reporting to environmental authority as required	ISO 14001 Cl.6.1.2; ISO 9001 Cl.8.5

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12Emergency Procedures & First Aid

⚠ CRITICAL: All supervisors and the Shot Firer must know the location of the nearest emergency muster point, first aid station, and AED. Emergency contact numbers must be posted at the site office and on the shot firer's person at all times.

12.1 Emergency Contact Numbers

Service	Number	Notes
Emergency Services (Police / Fire / Ambulance)	[LOCAL EMERGENCY NO. e.g. 999 / 911 / 112 / 998]	Post at site office, vehicles and blast control point
Nearest Hospital (A&E)	[Hospital Name, Tel. No., Address]	Route map to hospital in all site vehicles
Project Manager (24h)	[Mobile No.]	Notify immediately of any incident
HSE Manager (24h)	[Mobile No.]	Incident controller for blasting events
Explosives Regulatory Authority	[Authority Name, Tel. No.]	Mandatory notification for misfire / theft
Explosives Supplier Emergency	[Supplier Name, Emergency Tel.]	Supplier SDS emergency advice line
Environmental Agency	[Authority Name, Tel. No.]	Notify for significant environmental release

12.2 Emergency Response Procedures

A — Misfire / Unexploded Charge

1. Do not approach the misfired hole. Maintain exclusion zone.
2. Shot Firer notifies Blasting Supervisor immediately. Blasting Supervisor notifies HSE Manager.
3. Maintain 30-minute wait from last detonation before any action.
4. Only the Licensed Shot Firer may deal with a misfire, using the approved procedure (water-flush method preferred).
5. Do not drill into, heat or cut any suspected misfired charge.
6. Notify Explosives Regulatory Authority as required by jurisdiction.
7. Record all details on Misfire Report Form (RPZ-MF-BLAST-F02).

B — Person Injured in Blast Area

1. STOP all operations immediately. Activate emergency stop.
2. Call emergency services — state: location, nature of injury, number of casualties.
3. Trained First Aider responds — do not move casualty unless in immediate danger.
4. Clear access route for emergency vehicles. Appoint guide at site entrance.
5. HSE Manager notified. Scene preserved for investigation. Do not disturb evidence.
6. Commence Incident Report (RPZ-INC-F01) immediately.

C — Explosives Fire / Detonation Hazard

1. Evacuate immediately. Sound continuous horn. No attempt to fight fire involving explosives.
2. Call fire services — advise that explosives are present, type and quantity.
3. Establish 300m minimum exclusion zone pending emergency services arrival.
4. Account for all personnel — do not attempt rescue into explosive fire area.
5. Notify police, regulatory authority, and client immediately.

D — Environmental Spill (Fuel / Explosive Residues)

1. Stop source of spill if safe to do so.
2. Deploy spill kit — contain with absorbent booms, do not allow drainage to watercourse.
3. Notify HSE Manager. Assess whether environmental authority notification required.
4. Hazardous waste disposal of contaminated material through licensed contractor.

12.3 First Aid Provisions

Item	Quantity	Location
Fully stocked First Aid Kit (HSE-compliant)	Minimum 2	Site office + blast control vehicle
Trained First Aider (minimum EFAW)	Minimum 1 per shift	Present at all times during blasting
AED (Automated External Defibrillator)	1	Site office / first aid point
Burns dressing kit	2	Site office + blast vehicle
Eye wash station (sterile)	2	Site office + drill area
Emergency stretcher	1	Site vehicle
Emergency vehicle (4WD)	1	On site at all times during blasting

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13Quality Control — Inspection & Test Plan (ITP)

This ITP is referenced from the project Quality Management Plan (QMP). Hold Points (H) must be signed off before work proceeds. Witness Points (W) require notification — work may proceed if witness does not attend. Review Points (R) — document review only.

#	Activity / Inspection Point	Type	Responsible	Acceptance Criteria	Records / Forms	Client
ITP-01	Blast Design Review and Approval	H	Blasting Engineer + PM	Design compliant with site constraints, PPV limits, and regulatory requirements	Blast Design Report, Approval Form	H
ITP-02	Explosives Receipt Inspection	W	Shot Firer	Correct type, quantity, batch — undamaged; manifest matches order	Explosives Delivery Manifest, Receipt Log	R
ITP-03	Drill Hole Survey (As-Drilled)	H	Site Engineer	Hole position ±100mm, depth ±100mm, diameter ±5mm of design	Drill Log, Survey Record	W
ITP-04	Permit to Work Issuance — Pre-Blast	H	HSE Manager	All PTWs signed by authorised persons; all pre-conditions satisfied	PTW Register, Pre-Blast Checklist	H
ITP-05	Toolbox Talk / Pre-Blast Briefing	W	Blasting Supervisor	All blast personnel briefed and attendance register signed	Toolbox Talk Register (RPZ-TBT-BLAST-F01)	R
ITP-06	Exclusion Zone Establishment	H	Blasting Supervisor + HSE Officer	Physical barriers installed; sentries deployed; headcount complete	Exclusion Zone Checklist	W
ITP-07	Charging (Loading) Inspection	W	Licensed Shot Firer	Charge weight, type and position per design; connections secure; stemming length correct	Blast Record Form	R
ITP-08	Pre-Detonation Final Check	H	Shot Firer + Supervisor	All-clear from all sentries; circuit checked; weather acceptable; monitors active	Pre-Blast Final Check Form	H
ITP-09	Post-Blast Inspection (Misfire Check)	H	Licensed Shot Firer	All charges detonated confirmed; no misfires; gas levels acceptable; face stable	Post-Blast Inspection Form	W
ITP-10	Vibration Monitoring Data Review	R	HSE Manager	PPV within approved limits; exceedance reported and investigated	Seismograph Printout, Monitoring Log	R
ITP-11	Explosives Reconciliation — Post-Blast	H	Shot Firer + Supervisor	100% reconciliation — used + returned = received; zero discrepancy	Explosives Register, Reconciliation Form	R
ITP-12	Blast Performance Survey	W	Site Engineer + Blasting Engineer	Fragmentation, muck pile profile and over/under-break within design tolerance	Post-Blast Survey Report	W

14Training & Competency Requirements

Role	Mandatory Qualifications / Licences	Training / Certification	Frequency	Records Location
Licensed Shot Firer	National explosives blasting licence (jurisdiction-specific); valid and current	Explosives handling, misfire procedure, first aid (EFAW min), PPE, emergency response	Licence renewal per authority; annual refresher	HR system + site file
Blasting Engineer	Chartered/registered engineer (CEng/PE) with blasting design specialism; explosives competency certificate	Blast design methodology, vibration analysis, regulatory requirements, PPV monitoring	CPD ongoing; minimum 5-yearly formal assessment	HR system + site file
Blasting Supervisor	Site supervisory competency; explosives awareness certificate; first aid FAW	PTW authorisation, exclusion zone management, emergency response, toolbox talk delivery	Annual refresher; induction on each new project	HR system
Drill Operator	Plant operator licence (jurisdiction-specific); ROPS/FOPS equipment certification	Machine-specific familiarisation, dust control, noise awareness, site induction	Annual plant certificate; project site induction	HR system + site file
HSE Officer	NEBOSH General Certificate (min) or equivalent; first aid FAW	Vibration monitoring, audit, incident investigation, toolbox talks, PTW management	NEBOSH renewal per institution; annual HSE refresher	HR system
All Site Workers	Site safety induction (project-specific)	Blasting operations awareness, warning signal protocol, exclusion zone, emergency muster	Per project; refresher if significant change to site conditions	Induction register

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15Approval & Sign-off Block

Document Approval: This Method Statement must be reviewed, signed and approved by all designated signatories below before any blasting operations commence. Electronic or wet-ink signatures are acceptable. A scanned signed copy must be uploaded to the Document Management System.

PREPARED BY

Name: [Full Name]

Position: [Job Title]

Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]

REVIEWED BY — HSE

Name: [Full Name]

Position: HSE Manager

Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]

REVIEWED BY — ENGINEERING

Name: [Full Name]

Position: Blasting Engineer

Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]

APPROVED BY — PROJECT

Name: [Full Name]

Position: Project Manager

Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]

APPROVED BY — CLIENT

Name: [Full Name]

Company: [CLIENT NAME]

Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]

REGULATORY AUTHORITY

Ref No.: [Authority Ref.]

Authority: [Name]

Date Approved: [DD/MM/YYYY]

Personnel Acknowledgement Register

All personnel involved in blasting operations must sign below to confirm they have read, understood and will comply with this Method Statement.

#	Full Name	Position / Role	Company	Signature	Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Additional acknowledgement sheets may be appended as required. All signed sheets to be retained on site and copied to the project HSE file.

AReferences & Related Documents

Ref.	Document / Standard Title	Document Number / Version	Custodian
R-01	ISO 45001:2018 — Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems	ISO 45001:2018	ISO
R-02	ISO 9001:2015 — Quality Management Systems — Requirements	ISO 9001:2015	ISO
R-03	ISO 14001:2015 — Environmental Management Systems — Requirements	ISO 14001:2015	ISO
R-04	ISO 31000:2018 — Risk Management — Guidelines	ISO 31000:2018	ISO
R-05	Project Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan	[Doc No.]	[COMPANY]
R-06	Blast Design Report	[Doc No.]	Blasting Engineer
R-07	Risk Assessment — Controlled Blasting Operations	[Doc No.]	HSE Manager
R-08	Environmental Management Plan (EMP)	[Doc No.]	Environmental Manager
R-09	Project Quality Management Plan (QMP)	[Doc No.]	[COMPANY]
R-10	Emergency Response Plan (ERP)	[Doc No.]	HSE Manager
R-11	Explosives Storage Licence / Magazine Certificate	[Licence No.]	Shot Firer
R-12	Pre-Blast Structural Condition Survey Report	[Doc No.]	Site Engineer
R-13	Shot Firer's Licence (current)	[Licence No. / Expiry]	Shot Firer

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BRevision History Log

Rev.	Date	Section(s) Changed	Description of Change	Changed By	Approved By
00	[Date]	All	Initial Issue — First Release	[Name]	[Name]
01
02

RAMS PRO ZONE — DOCUMENT DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE

This Method Statement template has been prepared by RAMS PRO ZONE for use as a professional starting framework by qualified QHSE practitioners. It is provided as a generic template and must be reviewed, customised and validated by a competent QHSE professional with knowledge of the specific project, site conditions, applicable local legislation, and regulatory requirements before use.

RAMS PRO ZONE, its directors, authors and affiliates accept no liability for the use or misuse of this document. All users are responsible for ensuring compliance with national and local laws, standards and client requirements applicable to their project jurisdiction. Blasting operations are inherently hazardous and must only be conducted by licensed, competent professionals with all requisite permits and approvals in place.

© [Year] RAMS PRO ZONE  |  https://ramsprozone.blogspot.com  |  All rights reserved. Unauthorised reproduction prohibited.

⬡ RAMS PRO ZONE

WORLD-CLASS QHSE DOCUMENTATION | ramsprozone.blogspot.com

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